Adaptation of environment for Special Children

Adaptation of environment for Special Children

Adaptation is a important part of our life when a person or child make a relationship with outside, we call it adaptation like – useful things in our life for daily use or natural resources or other articles etc.

When, we discuss about special child it become very important. There are lots of factors which influence it. So we try to make them according to the special child requirement. This is our main adaptation. Those equipment who help us to make the adjustment, we call them adaptation equipment. 

Adaptation of environment for Special Children

We have some example like –

ü  Establishment:- we make a adjustment with stairs, width of door, switch for electric equipment.

ü  Furniture:- we include movable things in it like tables, sofa or highs of beds etc

ü  Clothes:- use of clothes, t-shirts, who to wear different clothes and what way they open.

ü  Equipment for individual use:- use of brush for special children(special handle), cup with two handle or other useful equipment for special children.

ü  Useful equipment for home:- heavy based iron, remote control , having cleaning item for home.

ü  Use of paper for different way.

ü  It is a process to become a self independent person.

ü  For external environment, we try to control there(special children) external environment, we make sure he/she is not under the control with external environment.

Meal time activity for special children

Meal time activity for special children:-

Meal activity is an important part of our life. Before delivery a child totally depend on mother meal activity. So it becomes mother responsibility to take a good & healthy meal before delivery (pre-natal). In this position, a child also play activity like moment of hand-leg but after birth, we start lot of activity like eating (meal), play or moment of different – different body parts.

Meal time activity for special children

          

  We see a continuous development of sequel and age group in every child like moment of different – different body parts, push up himself by leg, sitting and start walking etc. There are lot of skills which helpful for children to develop their life. We normally call it self-helpful skills like meal related activity, toilet activity, bathing & brushing, how to wear clothes. All these activity is very easy for a normal child but in case of special children, we make special arrangement for different-2 activity.

                                                                  Meal activity is become important for special children because he is unable to do a single activity for himself/herself like how to sit, how to eat, use of spun, other social behaviour or how to hand wash before and after eating etc. Here we mention some activity of children according to their age group.

ü  New born baby – 3 months = put finger in mouth and other normal activity

ü  3 month           - 6 months  = catch the bottle with help & put up things into mouth

ü  6 month           - 9 months  =  bottle without help, eat biscuit, take liquid with spun

ü  9month            - 12months =  increase the use of mouth activity

ü  12month          - 18months= catch the spun in good way & cup with handle

ü  18month          -24months = efficiency in use of spun in terms of wastage, pipe for liquid

ü  24month          -36months = take food & handle it in a eating manner

How to teach brushing

How to teach brushing :-

Brushing is an important part of our life. It is a daily activity in current life. Here we are talking about brushing for a Mental Retardation, a special child. A special child is not able to do his all daily activity so it is our primary responsibility to teach them.

How to teach brushing 

                                                                
                Firstly we do one thing that we collect the essential thing for brushing like – brush, toothpaste, mirror, water & towel etc. Them after we see that the child is able to easily handle the brush or not. In other words, we check the fine motor or gross motor skills of special child. If child is not able to handle the brush, we make that handle little big so that the child can able to handle it very easily.
                                                    Secondly, start brushing with front side teeth. In this, we start this process with our help then after some time, we decrease our supports and children handle the process alone. After front side teeth, we try to brush with back side or side by side or up & down also. Lastly, we teach how to wash our mouth with water and clean it with cloth/towel.

                               Finally we can say that brushing is an important part of normal life as well as for special children also. In short, we can say that with a complete process, we can teach them “How to Brush”

  

Time concept for Mental Retardation

Time concept for Mental Retardation

Time concept is really important for Mental Retardation children. It helps the child to understand the number would like different figure, tables or low level of calculation. Age factor is really important for it, if any children at the age of 11-15 years come under this which we call “secondary class”. 

Time concept for Mental Retardation

                                    In this class, firstly we teach number game like counting from 1,2,3…….12, when children learn these things, he compete first step. Second step is knowledge about big & small things. When a child able to calculate the size, he little bit become conscious about different-2 things. When a child complete these step then after we teach him about clock timing. We ask him about the big needle or small needle and where they are put up. This process make also independent. This process also require a table number 5, so that a children aware the gap between the number in clock.

                                                                                 So these are the basic step of time concept which require for a disabled children. This process depend on teacher, who he/she can make understand the children. 

Nursing care for Mental Retardation

Nursing care for Mental Retardation

                                                          Mental Retardation children always require a nursing care.  These children also require special care to fulfill their need and improve their normal skill. It is important to analysis their change in behaviour because these children are unable to express them-self.

Nursing care for Mental Retardation

                                        

                                                                              These children (Severe/profound) require more self care in terms of neat and clean, routine activity & so on. These things help children to stop the infection issue. It is very important to bath a single time daily to avoid skin problem. At the time of bath, if it is possible to make a exercise like finger, hand or leg, according to their capacity. Always make a fix routine for different – 2 part.

                                                              Effected body parts also require a special care for it like skin problem and other skin related issue. For example – if a person has a bad rest so this person must care their skin issue and properly require cleaning it. There are some situation in which a disabled person require more care like-

ü  If a person have bad rest, it must to give him a change at least 3 hours in day and night

ü  Proper blood circulation require a special care of skin

ü  Always put body in a position where there is no pressure on one side like on hand or on leg

ü  Effected body parts must require special care in skin issue 

Important point before making any educational program

Important point before making any educational program ?

In our country, we not take much step to make any program for disabled children. Mostly we use out sided or other program which developed by rest of the world. These program developed by other person so that these program not fulfill our expectation so we try to develop our program which is according to our need and requirement so that we make it more meaning full.

Important point before making any educational program

                                   To develop a best educational program, it should be developed in our environment with our need and requirement. In it, we include age group, social relationship, future relationship & growth, coordination & activity with capacity. We take a suggestion from children and parents also to make a education program. A good program must include current program with future prospects.

                                                                          We must keep in mind before developing any education program-

ü  Simple use of equipment for Mental Retardation children

ü  Equipment for skill development

ü  Material according to age group

ü  Easy method to teach

ü  Multiple use of equipment

ü  Low cost of equipment

Yoga Therapy

Yoga Therapy: -

                            Yoga therapy really becomes important in currently busy life. If we give 20 – 30 mints daily surly we come out lot of disease with this, we make a healthy body and decrease the mentally pressure or blood related problem. It also increases our co – ordination power. With this, we solve our lot of problem. 

                                            Yoga starts from India. (It means tie up together) It is a development process of mental stage. It has lot of area or parts. We use yoga for disabled children also. It is very useful for these types of children like it is useful for hyper activity children. Mentally retardation children also get a relief from this but before this we have full knowledge about this. These are some points like: -

Yoga Therapy

·         Useful for children health.

·         It increases the consideration power.

·         Useful for hyper active children.

·         Useful for leprosy problem.

·         Develop our social and communication skills.

         

Different function or activity make by hand

Different function or activity make by hand: -
  

                                                                                      Hand is an important part of our body. Every activity which performs requires an involvement of hand. It become more important in the life of a disabled children /person disabled children require more attention to do their activity. Do to this; we cannot imagine our life without hand.

                         
 We divided the activity perform by hand into these parts like: -

1. To reach any article / things.

2. To catch any article / things.

3. Change the location / place of things.

Different function or activity make by hand

In short, we can say that the hand mostly performs too activity like – to catch and to leave. We also include a development process of hand from a new born baby to children. At the age of 3 month, the finger and palm are not much develops to catch anything, but at age of 4 month the child tries to catch any things.

 At the age of 5 – 7 months, the child should try to catch and press by hand. At the age of 8 – 9 months, finger become more activity but has a low level of balance. The child also tries to pinch. At the age of 10 – 11 months, the child show a better coordination by finger and try to more involvement of the finger and it activity.    

Music Therapy for disabled children

Music Therapy for disabled children: -

                                                                             Music is an art which help us to live in better way. We learn lot of things for it and entertain us and refresh our self. It also helps us to live a meaning full life.

                                                      In other words, we can say that it is types of education which have a relationship with music and try to self develop. The main aim is to help a person to come out for problem or tension and make a situation for co - ordination or correlations with to right way / thinking.

Music Therapy for disabled children

Main purpose: -

·         Music develops an emotional and representation skill.

·         It develops a language.

·         It sharps our knowledge.

·         It creates an important component process.

·         It support to concentration and memory power.

·         Help to make an easy and atmosphere.

·         It creates confidence and an ideal.

·         Make free from tension and problem.

·         It helps to creates social skill and coordination skill.

Area & Classroom setting by occupational Therapy

Area & Classroom setting by occupational Therapy: -

Occupational therapy, we try to give a good environment to a person who requires OT. We design classroom or home environment according to their requirement so that they can make good suitability with both and easily handily their daily activity because OT is therapy. Which, we give more attention for daily living activity. In this therapy we try to develop their socialization, psychological and behaviour view.

Area & Classroom setting by occupational Therapy

                                   Occupational therapy brings change in classroom also. It also makes easy study for children and their all daily activity also. For outside environment, OT tries to make a person independent and if this person feels any problem, for this we develop such a equipment which make easy their task.

We use this therapy for much area like: -

Ø  Old peoples.

Ø  We use it for different types of disability but special for orthopedic therapy or mental disability.

Ø  Special work shop or I.T works shop.

Ø  We use it for T.B or cancer.

Ø  Center for rehabilitation.

Ø  Special school.

Ø  Early identification service.

Ø  Physic development education center.

Ø  For disabled children home or school.  

Definition& Aims of occupational therapy

  Definition& Aims of occupational therapy: -

                                                                                             A therapy which bring in use for disease like leprosy and mental illness in the starting. After that therapy also use for a person, who are affected from physical and psychological disease. Jointly when we used it for ADH children, it works very well so that we also call it diverizional therapy. Currently we used this therapy for physically disabled person also and it also help us to come up from that disability.

                                              In shortly, we can say that if we continue used this therapy, it stops the related disease and brings that person from serious illness. In now days, it also occur for an employment sector also do to their usefulness.

 Definition& Aims of occupational therapy

 1. Muscles development.

2. Sensory centralization development.

3. Psychological development.

4. Social development.

5. Cognitive development.

6. To increase the daily activity.

7. Try to increase the home work.

8. To increase the school activity.

9. To increase the play & entertainment activity.

10. Change in furniture.

11. Change in some special work of source.

12. Improvement in different body part.

13. Development of sensitive body part.

14. Change in home equipment.

 15. Try to increase in locomotor skills.

16. Control on locomotor development.

17. Increase in social development.

18. Try to increase in self service skills.

19. Make able for vocational.

20. Improvement in behavioural problem.

21. Try to increase in habilitation.

22. End up the deformities or compression.

23. Decrease of pain.

24. Try to increase in dependable skills.

Aims or definition of Physiotherapy

Aims or definition of Physiotherapy: -

Physiotherapy mostly used for both normal to abnormal human being in know a days. It plays an important role for a disabled or abnormal person. The exercise also helps in improvement or stop deformities. If special child also take these exercise, it really help for their daily activity.

                                           In short, we can say that, physiotherapy means to give a proper relief to a person from pain by different – different therapy like water therapy, meditation, massage etc.

Aims or definition of Physiotherapy

·         Decrease of pain.

·         Improvement in the joint moment and keep it up.

·         Improvement in the muscles power & continue it.

·         Improvement in body condition.

·         Increase the breathing capacity of a person.

·         Treatment of any deformities & compression.

·         Improvement in any long time disease.

·         Improvement of any skin disease.

·         Maintains of normal health.

·         Easy development of locomotor.

·         It’s also give relief in pain.

How you give a treatment of poliomyelitis

How you give a treatment of poliomyelitis:-

                                                          Polio virus really very dangerous because it mostly affects our children and makes them disables. After that these children are unable to do activity like a normal child. In these days we have vaccine and physiotherapy. I physiotherapy, we give this therapy to both like normal or disabled. We include in it like – temperature, electrical exercise, massage and other activity. We mention four stages for polio and also give solution according to them:-  

treatment of poliomyelitis

   

· Polio condition: - 1. Little activity with particular body part.

2. Give rest to dead muscles and take care of new one.

·  Reaction stage: - 1. Activity with particular body part.

2. Use outside force to pull affects muscles.

3. Rest for dead muscles and take care new one.

·   Recovery stage: - 1. Give water therapy.

2. Use outside force to pull the affected muscles.

3. Give support to little affected muscles to recovery.

·   Final stage: - 1. Training for walking.

2. Use of exercise for compress and deformities.

3. Exercise for supportive muscles.

Different stage/condition of polio

Different stage of polio:-

                                             Polio is a virus and mostly it found in children. It since long time, there is no vaccines in the market but know in these days, the vaccine is available in the market and we are able to come out from this virus. We divide it into four stages –

1. Polio condition:- In this stage, symptoms of polio are occurred like fever, muscles or laziness. Mostly we see symptoms like back pain, leg-hand or muscles.

Different stage/condition of polio

2. Reaction stages:- In this stage, we see the reaction of polio like muscles become soft and by partly they stop working. If muscles related with lung, it create problem in breathing.

3. Recovery stages:- In this stage, virus stop working and harncell also recovery & stable their back stage. Related muscles also recover but weakness is there. But some harncell become dead so these related muscles not recover. 

4. Final Stage:- In this stage, patients just look at their weak body parts and try to recover them by exercise. Weak muscles learn to take help from strong muscles and adjust it.